What to know about pears

A pear is a mild, sweet fruit with a fibrous center. Pears are rich in essential antioxidants, plant compounds, and dietary fiber. They pack all of these nutrients in a fat free, cholesterol free, 100 calorie package.

As part of a balanced, nutritious diet, consuming pears could support weight loss and reduce a person's risk of cancer, diabetes, and heart disease.

In this article, we provide a nutritional breakdown of the pear and an in-depth look at its possible benefits. We also give tips on how to incorporate more pears into the diet and list some potential health risks of consuming them.

Benefits
The fiber in pears may help improve gut health.
Consuming all types of fruits and vegetables can reduce the risk of several health conditions. Pears are no exception.

They provide a significant amount of fiber and other essential nutrients, and they can help reduce the risk of heart disease, diabetes, and certain gut conditions.

In the sections below, we look at the specific health benefits that pears may provide.

Providing fiber
The Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion have developed an Adequate Intake (AI) guideline for fiber.

They recommend that males under the age of 50 consume 30.8 to 33.6 grams (g) per day, depending on age. For females under the age of 50, the recommended intake is 25.2 to 28 g per day, depending on age.

For adults over the age of 50, the recommendation is 28 g per day for males and 22.4 g per day for females.

Increasing fruit and vegetable intake is a fairly easy way to boost fiber intake. For example, just one medium sized pear provides 6 g of fiber, which is about 24% of the daily AI for females under the age of 50.

Pears contain a soluble fiber called pectin, which nourishes gut bacteria and improves gut health.

In fact, the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) suggest that sufficient fiber intake promotes healthy bowel function and can increase feelings of fullness after a meal. It may also lower a person's risk of heart disease and reduce their total cholesterol levels.

Enhanced fullness after meals can support weight loss, as a person will feel less of an urge to snack between meals. In fact, one 2015 study associated increased fiber intake with enhanced weight loss for people with obesity.

Also, a 2013 review of studies in humans found that dietary fiber may play a role in regulating the immune system and inflammation. It might also decrease the risk of inflammation-related conditions, such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes, cancer, and obesity.

Treating diverticulosis
Diverticulitis occurs when bulging sacs in the lining of the large intestine, called diverticulosis, develop infection and inflammation.

A 2014 prospective study of 690,075 women in the United Kingdom suggested that fiber intake can reduce the risk of diverticulosis. However, the study authors clarify that different sources of fiber had different effects on diverticulosis risk.

However, an earlier study from 2012 found that fiber intake had no effect against existing diverticulosis that did not cause symptoms.

It is also not clear through which mechanism fiber reduces diverticulosis risk. More research in this area is necessary.

Reducing the risk of cardiovascular disease
A 2019 study on pears suggested that people with metabolic syndrome who ate two pears per day for 12 weeks saw a modest decrease in systolic blood pressure and pulse pressure. High blood pressure is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease.

Encouraging detoxification
Regular, adequate bowel movements are crucial for the daily excretion of toxins in the bile and stool.

Pears have high water content. This helps keep stools soft and flushes the digestive system of toxins.

A 2015 systematic review of the health benefits of pears suggested that their laxative effect comes from their high fiber and fructose content. Fructose is a naturally occurring sugar that occurs in most fruits.

Fighting free radicals
Pears contain high levels of antioxidants, including vitamin C, vitamin K, and copper. These chemicals counter the effects of free radicals, protecting cells from the damage they can cause.

Free radicals develop when the body converts food to energy and can contribute to cancer growth.

Nutrition
According to the USDA FoodData Central database, one medium pear weighing around 178 g contains:

• 101 calories
• 0.249 g of fat
• 27.1 g of carbohydrate, including 17.4 g of sugar and 5.52 g of fiber
• 1 g of protein

Pears also provide essential vitamins and minerals, including:

• vitamin C
• vitamin K
• potassium

They also provide smaller amounts of:

• calcium
• iron
• magnesium
• riboflavin
• vitamin B-6
• folate

Pears, especially those with red skin, also contain carotenoids, flavonoids, and anthocyanins. These are plant compounds that offer several health benefits and also act as antioxidants.

In fact, in 2011, the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging found that pears were among the top contributors of flavonoids in the diet.